Hate speech is a public attack on a person or a group because of nationality, religion, language, disability, sex or any other personal characteristic.
The line between an opinion and hate speech
Freedom of opinion does not extend to calling for violence, to humiliation, or to hatred of someone for who they are. When a comment calls for exclusion or injury, or makes threats because of who a person belongs to — that is not a view, it is hate speech.
Insults over nationality, religion or language
Abuse over disability or appearance
Calls for violence against a group
Spreading content that glorifies violence
What hate speech does in a classroom
Even when it is aimed at a single pupil, hate speech leaves a message for everyone who belongs to the same group: that they are not safe. That is why a school must treat it as violence, not as a misunderstanding.